Shabbat Yitro : יתרו

Summary

Exodus 18:1-20:23

Moses spends much of his time explaining God’s statutes and laws to the people; his father-in-law, Jethro, suggests that he delegate some of this judicial authority. After ascending Mount Sinai to speak with God, Moses returns to prepare the people for Revelation. Amidst awesome thunder, lightning, and flame, God, glorious and holy, reveals the Divine Presence-and the Ten Commandments-to Israel.

Isaiah 6:1–13

Other opinion: Isaiah 33:13-34:10

The highlight of Shabbat Yitro (Exodus 18:1-20:23) is the story of Mattan Torah; receiving the Ten Commandments on Mount Sinai. HOSENI, the maqam that means "beautiful" in Arabic, is applied according to most sources; alluding to the Torah's "beauty." Hoseni, which is described as a high version of Maqam Bayat, is also applied in association with Shabuot, the festival that commemorates receiving the Torah. HAZZANUT: Melody of "Da'at UmZimah" (334-II), the song about Mattan Torah, transposed to Naqdishakh. ALIYOT: The Ten Commandments is reserved for Mashlim, and some say that the original tradition is to go back and read from "BaHodesh HaShelishi" (19:1) until the end of the perasha. CANTILLATIONS: The 'Long Tarha' (before the Sof Pasuq) are as follows: 19:1, 19:2, 19:8, 19:11, 19:16, 19:17, 19:18, 20:6, 20:7, 20:11, 20:12, 20:13. MISHMARA: Tractates Abot and Abodah Zarah (Information from Haim Shayo, H Mordechai Nadaf, and Joseph Mosseri, Sephardic Pizmonim Project,www.pizmonim.com).

El punto culminante de Shabbat Itró es el relato de Matán Torah - cuando recibimos la ley en el monte Sinaí pasado unos cincuenta días después de nuestro éxodo de Egipto. El maqam Juseini, que significa "hermoso" en Arabe, es utilizado en nuestros rezos ya que así conmemoramos la "hermosura" de la Torah. Este maqam es descrito como una versión más alta del maqam "Bayat." El Juseini también es utilizado en la fiesta de Shavuot ya que igualmente comemoramos la recepción de la Torah. Tradicinalmente utilizamos la tonada de "Da’at Umzima" (un pizmón acerca de Matan Torah pag. 334-II) para la kedushá de Nakdishá. (Proyecto de Pizmoním Sefaradíes, http://www.pizmonim.com)

Maqam Sources

Moshe Ashear: Hoseni
Abraham Shrem: Hoseni
Aboud: Hoseni
Argentina: Hoseni
Dweck: Hoseni
Idelsohn: Sigah
Tebele: Hoseni
Red Book: Hoseni
Bozo: Hoseni or Sigah
Kassin: Hoseni
G'anani: Bayat
Suna: Hoseni
Amash: Bayat
Maslaton: Bayat
Unknown: Hoseni
Yehezqel: Kurd

Hazzanut

Hakham Moshe Ashear
Hashem Melekh
            Ya’alozo BeYah 1937&38
            Miqdash Beneh Bo 1939
            A’atiadiyeh Halabeyah 1940
Halelouyah
            Taba’ Yosef Waladna 1937&38
            Atah HaEl Yehidi 1939
            Maghen Ba’adi 1940
Nishmat
            Aqsaq Sama’I HOSENI   1937,38,39,&40
Shav’at
            Taba’ Hakham Refael Taboush HOSENI 1937,38,40
            Ani Ashir Shir 1939
Hodaot
            Yahid Elohe Qedem 1937,38,39
            Dighli Sa Na Harheb Na Meqomi 1940
Qadish
            Dodai Eten Lekha Dodi 1937,38,39,40
Semehim
            Makhon Leshibtekha ‘Olamim 1937 & 38
            ‘Al Rozana HOSENI 1939
            Yihyou Kemoss 1940
Mimmissrayim
            Anokhi Velo Yihyeh 1937,38, 40
            Hirgedi Hirgedi Hirgedi Mirmo 1939
Naqdishakh
            Raqs El Ban 1937
            Da’at Oumzimmah 1938,39,40
Pizmon
            Ahalel VeAbi’a 193,38,39
            Ram Galeh Leqess Hanistam 1940

Gabriel A. Shrem- Yitro
1950’s
Nishmat- Zai Nisim Franco
Shav’at- Anah Mani Rayidah
Befi- 2 dor min Yaretni Tir
Hodaot- Yihyou Kemoss
Qadish- Galman
Semehim- Ot Alef MeAlefet
Mimmissrayim- Zeyno Zeyno Zeyn
Naqdishakh= Da’at Oumzimmah

Aliyot

Cohen ends 18,5 Har Haelokim
Levi ends 18, 8 Vayassilem Hashem
Israel ends 18,12 Lifne Haelokim
Rebi'i ends 18, 15 Lidrosh Elokim
Hamishi 18, 20 Asher Ya'assoun
Shishi 18, 23 Yabo Beshalom
Shebi'i 18, 27 El Arsso, some say ends in 19,3 Libne Yisrael
Extra 19,3 Libne Israel
Extra 19,6 el Bene Yisrael
Extra 19,9 et Dibre Ha'am el Hashem
Extra 19,13 Ya'alou Bahar
Samoukh 19,19 Ya'anennou Bekol
Mashlim gets the Ten Commandements and completes the perasha. Some say that the original tradition was that Mashlim repeats from 19,1 Bahodesh Hashelishi .

במנחה של שבת ובשני וחמישי: לכהן עד: "ויצילני מחרב פרעה". ללוי עד: "ויצילם ה'". לשלישי עד: "לפני האלהים".
בשבת בבוקר: לכהן עד: "לפני האלהים". ללוי עד: "על מקומו יבא בשלום". לשלישי עד: "ותגיד לבני ישראל". לרביעי עד: "אשר תדבר אל בני ישראל". לחמישי עד: "והאלהים יעננו בקול". לששי עד: "וכל אשר לרעך". לסמוך עד: "אשר שם האלהים". והמשלים משלים הפרשה

Shishi: Appointing Judges

As for the longer tarha before sof pasouq:
19:1 Baoo
19:2 Yisrael
19:8 Ha'am
19:11 Ha'am
19:16 Ha'am
19:17 Vayityassebou
19:18 Hahar
20:6 Leohabai
20:7 Shemo
20:11 Hashabat
20:12 Elohekha
20:13 Lo (all 3 times) & Bere'akha

Mishmara

Yitro, II Kings 13-18 Job 21-25 Avot and Avodah Zarah

Avot (אבות, Fathers) is a collection of the Sages' favourite ethical maxims.
Avodah Zarah (עבודה זרה, Foreign worship) deals with the laws of interactions between Jews and Gentiles and/or idolaters (from a Jewish perspective).
Abot- The mishnah starts off "Moshe kibel Torah misinai"
Abodah Zarah- The second commandment talks against the worship of idols